夹具预紧力保证系统

膨胀力测试概述About Pressure Analysis

电芯实际使用时是束缚在模组内，充放电过程中厚度的变化引起膨胀力会直接影响电芯、模组及电池包的电性能、安全及可靠性等表现。During charge and discharge, the cell’s thickness change lead to the pressure variation, directly influence the performance of electrochemical properties, safety and reliability of cell, module and battery.

   为了研究清楚上述变化与关联，对于电芯在实际工作时结构与状态的模拟与仿真（即电芯原位膨胀厚度、原位膨胀压力特征参数）非常重要，其具体方式如下图。In order to study the change and correlation clearly, the modeling and simulation for the actual work structure and status of batteries (in-situ thickness, in-situ pressure characteristic parameter) are very important. as is shown in the following diagram.

膨胀力测试概述About Pressure Analysis

材料不可逆损耗与劣化引起的极片/电芯逐渐变厚、析锂等(如下图)。对于膨胀及析锂评价的传统方法非原位、破坏性、成本高、效率低而且偏差大，已不能满足当前研究开发需求. Irreversible loss and degradation lead to electrode /Cell gradually thickness increase, ALP, etc. Ex-situ and destructive traditional methods can't meet current requirement due to its high cost, low efficiency, large deviation.

实现扣电、单层叠片、软包与方壳电芯等原位膨胀力与厚度测量；Realize in-situ pressure and thickness test for Coin, single stack, pouch and prismatic cell;

为电芯材料开发、结构设计、工艺优化及相关机理研究提供支撑；Provide help for materials development, structural design, process optimization and related mechanism research;

为模组、电池包设计提供可靠的结构参数。 Provide reliable mechanical parameters for module, pack design.

解决方案与产品 Solution and Product

应用领域与方向Application Fields

锂电池、超级电容器等二次电池相关领域的生产制造企业、大学及科研院所科研过程；

Manufacturing enterprises, universities and scientific research institutes of lithium battery, supercapacitor and other secondary battery related fields;

普通原位膨胀力测试Ordinary in-situ Swelling pressure Analysis(ISPOA)

普通膨胀力测试方案

一体化恒间距膨胀力：New AIO Solution

针对电芯循环原位单纯膨胀力测量场景，开发了全新一体化传感器方案A new integrated sensor scheme is developed for ISPOA.

更简单的装配结构，易于安装使用；Simpler structure, easy to install and use;

更小的体积占用率，提高环境箱体积利用率; Smaller volume occupancy rate, improve the volume utilization rate of oven;

更少的结构件，更低的购置与使用成本; Fewer structural parts, lower acquisition and use costs

普通垫片恒间隙膨胀力

数据采集器Data Collector

夹具预紧力保证系统

Pretightening Force Guarantee System

背景与困难

背景与困难

当前测试人员使用夹具对电池大面进行扭力紧锢时使用扭力扳手拧到大概的数值，由于器具的精度和不同人员的操作习惯问题，会导致最终的结果差异较大，主要表现如下几种情况：

适用不带扭力显示的扳手，不通螺丝扭力一致性；

压板歪曲不平行；

扭力不够导致电池在移动的过程中偏离中间；

扭曲后压力释放，并且无法测量评估。

对于准确控制夹具预紧力的需求十分必要。

解决方案Solution

自动预紧力系统

原位膨胀压力分布测试

In-situ Swelling Pressure Distribution Analysis

原位压力分布测试 In-situ Swelling Pressure Distribution

针对刀片电池、大软包电芯等循环中可能出现厚度不一致等差异，对于电芯各个区域压力分布的测试很有必要; It is necessary to test pressure distribution of cell:

知了传感联合相关科技公司联合开发新一代电池专用柔性传感器；CICADA developed a new flexible sensor for battery;

4MPa面压，满足电池应用场景；The max 4MPa pressure;

原位压力分布测试 In-situ Swelling Pressure Distribution

薄膜传感器原理

薄膜感测片由上下两层柔性可弯折的薄膜材料组成，上层为压感功能薄膜，下层为电极薄膜感测片受压时，上下两层薄膜发生接触，其接触面积、接触形变会随着压力大小变化而变化，从而使电产生随压力变化而产生的电阻抗信号量的变化。

感测片上每一个压力点的原始压力特性呈现为与受压压力线性变化的一条压力曲线。感测片的出厂测试、标定过程中，会记录每一个点的原始压力曲线，形成每一感测片专有的MAP标定文件。

原位膨胀压力分布测试方案

原位压力分布测试 In-situ Swelling Pressure Distribution

消 费 类 电 池 化 成 压 合 与 压 敏 纸 对 比，可以看出电芯循环过程中出现受力不均匀情况。同时，化成设备的夹具之间夹板力出现不均匀； It can be seen that the pressure is not uniform in the process. At the same time, the splint pressure between the jigs of the formation equipment is uneven.

多通道•原位膨胀压力/厚度测试

Multichannel In-situ Swelling Analysis System

适用于扣电、单层叠片、圆柱、软包与方壳等各种类型电芯评估

For various types of cell such as coin cell, single layer stack cell, pouch and prismatic.

当前测量瓶颈Current situation and difficulties

多通道原位膨胀Creativeness Solution

测试系统通过集约化集成高精度模架、位移、电压、电流、压力、温湿度等核心零部件与传感器，实现不同工况下的原位厚度、膨胀力检测。Through intensive integration of high-precision die frame, displacement, voltage, current, pressure, temperature and humidity and other core components and sensors, the test system can accurately test In-situ thickness and swelling pressure of cell.

系统测试模式介绍Working Mode

测试系统实现以下功能 (类似电池充放电，CC+CV模式，Step Charge 模式)；

Test system realize the following function（similar to cell test, CC+CV mode，Step Charge mode）：

不同加载压力速率到目标压力，目标压力保持一定时间， 直到电阻变化率小于0.01mΩ/s，完成测试；

For example ：0.1t/s  Constant  Force rate(CFR) to 0.3t, Constant Force(CF) to 0.01mΩ/s, Frequency 0.2S。

测试系统概览Product Overview

测试系统参数Product Specifications

产品特色与优势Features and Advantages

多功能原位膨胀测量设备/ The first multifunctional integrated in-situ cell swelling test equipment

企业力推产品/Recommended by leading enterprises;

中英文操作界面/Bilingual operation interface;

膨胀力、温度、湿度、厚度、电性能等一站式采集Swelling pressure, temp., humidity, THK and electrical performance are recorded in one station

0.1μm分辨率及±1μm量程精度/0.1μm resolution and ±2μm accuracy;

-40~100℃超宽测试温区选择/-40~100℃ test temperature range;

在不同条件下实现所有参数的全自动测量/All parameter measured automatically under different measureme-nt conditions;

MES连接通讯(定制)/ MES connection communication

恒压力模式与恒间隙模式可选/Constant pressure mode and  constant gap mode are optional;

测量数据实时在线显示/ Real time online display

测量数据库管理模式/Database management mode;

传统单通道与多通道区别

可靠性分析：Reliability Analysis

动态恒压模式：测试系统实际保压压力值在目标压力±5N的范围内波动；

Dynamic Constant Pressure Mode: The actual pressure holding value of the test system fluctuates within the range of the target pressure ±5N.

应用领域与方向Application Fields

锂电池、超级电容器等二次电池相关领域的生产制造企业、大学及科研院所科研过程；

Manufacturing enterprises, universities and scientific research institutes of lithium battery, supercapacitor and other secondary battery related fields;

不同Binder开发评估In-situ Swelling Analysis@Diff. Binder R&D

对于不同样阳极Binder材料电芯膨胀水平评估，三种材料表现出明显的差异(PI-2<PAA<SBR)，此方法可以为binder等材料开发提供有力技术支持；

Accurate measurement of the swelling of cell based different binder(PI-2<PAA<SBR), It provides strong technical support binder development;

极片热辊压工艺膨胀评估Swelling Analysis@Electrode Hot Press R&D

在电芯膨胀改善工艺开发中，通过原位膨胀测试能明显看出经过热辊极片组别的电芯整体膨胀水平降低并且不可逆膨胀也减小。In the process of cell swelling improvement, it can be seen that the overall swelling level and irreversible THK of the cell based on hot press electrode decrease.

不同倍率原位膨胀分析In-situ Swelling Analysis@Different Rate

精准测量不同倍率电芯变化(倍率越小电芯膨胀厚度越大),为评估电芯原位膨胀性能提供有力技术支持；Accurate measurement of the swelling of cell based different Rate(The smaller charge rate of cell show thicker swelling), It provides strong technical support Cell design and development.

恒压力不可逆膨胀分析Irreversible Swelling Analysis@Constant Pressure

在恒压力测试模式下，循环过程中电芯膨胀力保持动态不变；In constant pressure mode, the cell swelling pressure unchanged during charge-discharge.

每个循环电芯不可逆膨胀厚度增加幅度为1-2μm，电芯的前三个循环的不可逆膨胀厚度分别为0.9μm, 1.0μm, 1.3μm; The Irreversible swelling thickness of cell increase 1-2μm, and the irreversible swelling thickness is 0.9μm, 1.0μm, 1.3μm, respectively.

恒压力原位膨胀分析In-situ Swelling Analysis@Diff. Constant Pressure

在恒压力测试模式下，循环过程中电芯膨胀力保持动态不变；In constant pressure mode, the cell swelling pressure unchanged during charge-discharge.

随着加载压力增加，电芯膨胀厚度相应降低；The absolute thickness of cell decreases with the increase of loading pressure.

随着充电电流的下降(CC+CV阶段)，电芯膨胀厚度增加速率逐步减小；With the decrease of charging current (CC+CV stage), the increase rate of cell expansion thickness gradually decreases.

扣电原位膨胀评价In-situ Coin Cell Swelling Analysis: NCM vs. Li

传统扣电由于其整体高度固定，导致无法控制极片界面、无法获取充放电过程中厚度信息等。Coin cell is one of the most important method to evaluate materials. Due to the fixed space of coin cell, the interface can’t be controlled and the thickness change is unknown during charging-discharging.

在充电过程中，随着NCM脱锂，Li金属嵌锂，总体厚度膨胀增长；

During charge, NCM cathode delithiation, Li anode lithiation, the total thickness increase;

在放电过程中，锂金属脱锂后厚度降低，但由于整体不可逆反应而厚度增长；

During discharge, Li anode delithiation, the total THK decrease, the irreversible swelling THK increase:

圆柱电芯原位膨胀分析

原位膨胀测试系统同样能适用于圆柱电芯的评价，在49N的恒定压力下，26105型圆柱电芯的相对直径变化在42.3μm左右，整体直径随着循环进行逐渐增大；Under a constant pressure of 49N, the maximum diameter of the 26105cylindrical cell is 42.3μm, and the overall diameter gradually increases as the cycle progresses;

此设计的电芯膨胀率约为0.166%@SOC； The swelling rate of the cell is approximately 0.166% @ SOC;

双通道测试系统恒压力模式

双通道系统保证电芯样品在一样的压力下进行测着，随着电芯充电的进行，电芯膨胀厚度及相对厚度被同步检测；两个同样设计的电芯表现出来的膨胀水平一致（厚度变化一致），但是2号电芯的极化相对更大；

In the dual-channel in-situ expansion test mode, the cell sample is guaranteed to be tested at exactly the same pressure; With the charging of the cell, the absolute thickness and relative thickness of the cell are detected synchronously; Two cells based on the same design exhibit the same level of swelling (thickness changes consistently), but the polarization of cell 2 is relatively larger;

双通道测试系统恒间隙模式

双通道系统保证电芯样品在恒定的间隙下进行循环测试，随着电芯充电的进行，电芯膨胀厚度及相对厚度都在±1μm的范围内动态波动，电芯膨胀力随着循环的进行逐步增大；

The dual-channel system ensures that the battery samples are cycled under a completely constant gap. As the battery is charged, its absolute and relative thickness fluctuations are dynamically within ±1μm range, and the stress of the cell gradually increases with the cycling.

电芯无损析锂分析Nondestructive ALP Analysis

析锂为最严重的电芯安全风险之一，所以对于电芯析锂的分析与预测非常重要；通过原位膨胀检测可以对电芯的析锂情况进行预测分析。

ALP(Anode Lithium Plating) is the most safety issue, so the analysis and prediction of ALP is very important. Based on in-situ swelling pressure testing system,) ALP can be predicted.

电芯膨胀力及厚度预测Swelling Pressure and THK Forecast

基于原位膨胀力测试系统，通过电芯循环过程的膨胀数据，进行电芯不同工况下膨胀预测与分析；

Based on in-situ swelling pressure test system, we can predict the level of cell swelling pressure and thickness;