绕线电机常用液阻起动方法

原理：无刷自控电机液阻起动器是利用水电阻热变特性来达到电机软起动目的。液体阻值通过添加备用原料来改变。适用于轻载，中载，重载起动的滑环电机。

Principle: the brushless self-control motor starter with liquid resistance is manufactured based on water resistance thermal variation character to reach the purpose of soft starting. The liquid resistance value can be altered by adding in standby raw material and is applicable for slip ring electrical motor of light load, medium load and heavy load starting up.

在不同的场合，电源电压的高低、负载的轻重、过电流的大小不一样，液体的阻值须作一定的调整。电阻越大，电流越小，起动时间越长，液体发热，电机起动困难；电阻越小，电流越大，起动时间越短，电机容易起动。产品一经出厂，它是按照电机转子的电压、电流初步判断电机负载情况已配制好的液阻。在现场起动有一定的起动失败率时，客户可适当作一些调整。

At different occasion, it’s varied in power source voltage, load and current, and a certain adjustment shall be made on liquid resistance value. The more resistance the less current, the longer time on starting, the liquid will become hot and the motor starting will be difficulty; the less resistance, the stronger current, the starting time will be shorter, the motor is easy to start up. Once the product is ex-work, the motor load condition shall be judged initially based on the rotor voltage and current, and liquid resistance will be ready. A certain rate of starting failure may occur on-site, and the client may make a proper adjustment.

在调整前应确定电源（10KV,6KV,380V）无缺相，起动柜及电动机*且过流整定值合适情况下再调整液体的阻值。根据经验，无刷自控电机起动器它优于频敏变阻器，但稍差于容积较大的液阻箱。如果在重载起动的场合，尽量让电机定子主回路电流定值加大（3.5～4.5倍），尽量让延时跳时间加长。根据负载的实际情况和现状，滑环电机会出现过快起动或过慢起动。即起动时电流大快起动或起动时电流小慢起动两种情况。此时现场工作人员应作无刷自控电机液阻起动器内部的水电阻阻值调整。Prior to adjustment, the power source （10KV,6KV,380V）shall be confirmed that the phase shall be complete, and the starting cabinet and electrical motor shall be free of malfunction and the liquid resistance value shall be adjusted when overcurrent setting value is suitable. In light of experience, the brushless self-control motor starter is superior to the frequency sensitive rheostat, but it’s slightly inferior to liquid resistance box with larger capacity. At the occasion of motor starting up with heavy load, and let the fixed value of main loop current of motor stator increase up to 3.5 ~ 4.5folds as far as possible, and try as far as possible to extend the time of overcurrent trip. According to actual condition and existing state of the load, the excessive fast or slow starting may occur on slip ring motor, i.e. fast starting with strong current and slow starting with low current. At this occasion, the on-site operator shall make an adjustment on the value of water resistance inside the starter.     

方法1：液体阻值过小（液体浓度大）。主要表现为：①按下起动按钮，电机几乎没有反应，过流继电器立刻跳闸；②电机起动电流偏大，电流急剧增大，电机提速过快，再加上二次涌流，有可能造成定子回路跳闸。（将近额定转速时，离心力促使起动器内部星点对接，会产生一定的二次涌流）。当影响造成过流跳闸时，应采取下列操作方案：无刷自控电机液阻起动器圆周上有两个离心式排气阀,旋下一只离心式排气阀放出一些液体，然后再加入一定的纯净水，放出的与加入的纯净水重量应*（如放出5公斤应加入5公斤）。再看液位是否到离心式排气阀阀杆上的红色液面线。经试验如果还出现跳闸，重复上述方法、一直到电动机能顺利起动为止。

Method 1: The liquid resistance value is too small （ the liquid concentration is big）: it mainly shows on: ① the motor has no reaction when the starting button is pressed down, the  overcurrent trip relay occurs immediay; ② the motor starting current is somewhat larger, the electric current is increasing rapidly, the speed acceleration on motor will be too fast, and current surge at second time will occur, it may result the overcurrent trip of stator loop. （ when approaching to rated r/min, the centrifugal force boost the star spots connection inside the starter, the second current surge may occur）. When it results 2nd overcurrent trip, the following scheme shall be taken: there are two centrifugal air release valves on the starter, and turn one of the valves and release some liquid, and a certain amount of pure water will be added in （if 5kg is released and 5kg shall be added in）, and check whether the liquid level is up to the red marks on the air release valve rod. If the trip occurs during test, the above method shall be repeated until the electric motor can be started smoothly.  

方法2：液体阻值过大（液体浓度小）。主要表现为：①按下起动按钮电机无反应，电流很小，也不跳闸；②起动过慢，电机达不到速度，电流也不大，但就是不提速，达不到额定转速，此时液体迅速发热不能第二次起动。具体操作为：放出一定的液体，然后加入一定A包装中固态起动原料（一般有60-90克）与防冻液配制的溶液，加入量与放出量应当*。如放出2公斤，应加入2公斤，观察是否到达了液面线。如果加液超出液面线时，起动过程中，多余的液体会从离心式排气阀中甩出，属正常现象。如水加不到液面线，里面的液体淹不住极板 ，不利于起动。按照上述方法反复操作直至电机能正常起动。 

Method 2: The liquid resistance is too big （liquid concentration is small）. It mainly shows on:

①the motor has no reaction when the starting button is pressed down, and the electric current is very small, and no trip occurs;  ② the starting is too slow, and the motor is unable to reach the required speed and the electric current is not large, but no speed acceleration occurs and being unable to reach the rated r/min, and at this moment, the liquid will become hot swiftly and unable to make the 2^nd start. The actual operation is: release certain amount of liquid and then add in a certain amount solution prepared by use of solid starting raw material in package A （60 – 90 gram commonly） and the antifreeze, and the adding amount shall be equal to the released amount. For example, 2kg released, 2kg shall be added in, and see whether it reaches to the liquid surface mark; if the added amount exceeds the liquid surface mark, the excessive liquid will be discharged from the centrifugal air release valve, it’s a normal scene. If the added water fails to reach the liquid surface mark and unable to submerge the polar plate inside and it not benefit for starting.   The following method shall be repeated until the electric motor starts normally.

缺点；无刷自控电机液阻软起动器优于其他类型的起动器，是它可以现场根据电压降、起动电流大小、电的质量等情况来调配内部阻值的大小。但是也有致命的弱点：由于体积小，内部贮存液量有限，在难以一次性起动的情况下，会迅速发热，一旦温度高于65℃后，重新起动时，电流会比上次起动电流大，有时会跳闸。此时，应间隔起动时间。待起动器水温冷却后再起动。一般电机运转十几分钟，带风容易将运行器冷却，再次起动就具备了条件。

河南全新液态起动设备有限公司资料 

Disadvantage: this type of starter is superior to other types. Its interior resistance value can be adjusted in light of on-site condition of voltage reduction, the startup electric current and electric quality. However, it has also a vital shortcoming: due to its small capacity, the interior storage capacity for liquid is quite limit, and when one time startup is failure, the motor will become hot swiftly, and once the temperature exceeds 65℃, the electric current will be larger than last time, sometime the trip will occur. At this moment, the start time shall have an interval. When the water temperature in starter cools down and then starts again. When electric motor runs for 10 minutes more, and the starter will be cooled down by air and the condition for restart of motor will be available.

Data provided by Henan Quanxin Liquid Startup Equipment Co.,Ltd